REVIEW PAPER
Effect of environmental factors on occurrence of male infertility
1
Koło Naukowe przy Katedrze Zdrowia Środowiskowego, Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu w Bytomiu, Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach, Polska
2
Katedra Zdrowia Środowiskowego, Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu w Bytomiu, Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach, Polska
Corresponding author
Monika Rusin
Katedra Zdrowia Środowiskowego, Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu w Bytomiu, Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach, Polska
Katedra Zdrowia Środowiskowego, Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu w Bytomiu, Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach, Polska
Med Og Nauk Zdr. 2021;27(2):126-133
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Infertility is the inability of a sexually active couple to achieve pregnancy within one year of regular intercourse without the use of contraception. At present, this problem concerns approximately 10–20% of couples. Among the causes of male infertility are distinguished pre-testicular, testicular and extra-testicular factors.
Objective:
The aim of the study was to review the available literature data concerning the effect of individual, selected environmental factors on the phenomenon of infertility in the male population.
Brief description of the state of knowledge:
Many studies confirmed a progressive deterioration of sperm quality in the male population. Among the factors responsible for the occurrence of this phenomenon are heavy metals present in the environment, such as lead, mercury and cadmium, commonly used pesticides, bisphenol A, as well as dioxins and furans, classified as persistent organic pollutants. These substances exert a negative effect on the body's hormonal balance, and also damage Sertoli and Leydig cells, which may result in reduced sperm count and motility. Life style also plays an important role in maintaining male fertility. Unhealthy diet, tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption reduce testosterone levels and damage the genetic material of sperm.
Summary:
Many chemicals can negatively affect male fertility. Efforts should be made to reduce exposure to pollutants in the environment, improve life style, undertake physical activity, and abstain from stimulants
Infertility is the inability of a sexually active couple to achieve pregnancy within one year of regular intercourse without the use of contraception. At present, this problem concerns approximately 10–20% of couples. Among the causes of male infertility are distinguished pre-testicular, testicular and extra-testicular factors.
Objective:
The aim of the study was to review the available literature data concerning the effect of individual, selected environmental factors on the phenomenon of infertility in the male population.
Brief description of the state of knowledge:
Many studies confirmed a progressive deterioration of sperm quality in the male population. Among the factors responsible for the occurrence of this phenomenon are heavy metals present in the environment, such as lead, mercury and cadmium, commonly used pesticides, bisphenol A, as well as dioxins and furans, classified as persistent organic pollutants. These substances exert a negative effect on the body's hormonal balance, and also damage Sertoli and Leydig cells, which may result in reduced sperm count and motility. Life style also plays an important role in maintaining male fertility. Unhealthy diet, tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption reduce testosterone levels and damage the genetic material of sperm.
Summary:
Many chemicals can negatively affect male fertility. Efforts should be made to reduce exposure to pollutants in the environment, improve life style, undertake physical activity, and abstain from stimulants
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