PRACA ORYGINALNA
Systematyczne podejście do standaryzacji higienicznej ksenobiotyków
Więcej
Ukryj
1
Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
2
Scientific and Research Institute of Medicine on Transport, Odessa, Ukraine
Med Og Nauk Zdr. 2014;20(4):420-425
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
STRESZCZENIE
Streszczenie:
Na podstawie własnych danych doświadczalnych, analizy parametrów krajowych, toksymetrów oraz na podstawie
dopuszczalnych poziomów 330 substancji chemicznych w różnych środowiskach (w strefie roboczej, atmosferze i wodzie)
i 265 norm stosowanych w USA i UE, zostało opracowane i zrealizowane systemowe podejście do określenia standardów
higieny chemikaliów w różnych mediach. Bierze ono pod uwagę parametry toksyczności standardowych materiałów i ich
kumulacyjne właściwości, które reprezentowane są poprzez integralną wartość norm niezawodności. Określa się je przez
stosunek LC50 (LD50)/MPLwz, co koreluje z odpowiednimi przepisami norm zagranicznych. Wykazano, że MPLwz odgrywa
istotną rolę jako parametr tworzenia systemu.
Wdrożenie instrukcji opracowanych przez autorów i zatwierdzenie ich przez Ministerstwo Zdrowia Ukrainy dało możliwość
znacznego zmniejszenia stopnia niepewności w opracowywaniu norm higienicznych, niezawodność nowych opracowań
i korektę istniejących standardów w oparciu o nowe dane, zebrane eksperymentalnie i klinicznie.
Dalszy rozwój systemowego podejścia do opracowywania standardów higienicznych daje możliwość bardziej skutecznego
rozwiązywania złożonych zadań w zakresie higieny i toksykologii. Pozwoli, także w kontekście regionalnym, na ocenę
skutków oddziaływania substancji chemicznych, przy pomocy standardów ratowniczych, oraz zapewnienie pracownikom
i ludności bezpieczeństwa chemicznego
Introduction:
Based on the own experimental data and comprehensive analysis of national toxicometric indicators and MPC of 330
chemicals in different media (working area, atmospheric air and water reservoirs), as well as 265 standards used in the
US and the EU, a systematic approach was designed and implemented with the purpose of substantiating the chemicals
hygienic standards in different media. It takes into consideration the parameters of toxicity and cumulative properties of
standardized substances which are manifested integrally by the reliability standard value, determined by the ratio of LC50
(LD50)/MPCwz, which correlates with the corresponding relations of foreign standards. At the same time, MPCwz plays an
important part in the parameters of the system creation.
Implementation of the methodological guide developed by the authors and approved by the Ministry of Public Health of
Ukraine provided the opportunity to significantly reduce uncertainties in the process of hygienic standardization, improving
the reliability of newly developed standards and correction of existing standards on the basis of newly accumulated
experimental and clinical data.
Further development of systematic approach to the hygienic standards will more successfully solve challenges of hygiene
and quantitative toxicology, as the assessment of acceptable risk, the combined effects of chemical substances, the
substantiation of regional, emergency standards, integrated regulatory support of chemical safety of the workers and the
population as whole.
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