Old age, as the last period in human life, is considered primarily from the biological aspect, understood as overall physiological changes taking place in the body of an elderly person. Old age brings about decreased health potential, and in consequence, the ocurrence of certain diseases and symptoms which lead to life discomfort, especially cardiovascular diseases, cancer, problems on the part of the musculoskeletal system, as well as disorders of balance and mobility, dementia, sight and hearing impairment, etc. At present, Poland - similar to the majority of countries worldwide - is afflicted by the problem of demographic changes associated with an increase in the percentage of the elderly in the total population. The consequence of this situation is not only the burdening of the systems of health care, but also the problems of social security.