An elevated level of total cholesterol, LDL fraction, and triglycerides, and a decreased level of HDL-cholesterol are independent risk factors of the development of cardiovascular diseases. According to the European Society of Cardiology (2003), the desired level of the total cholesterol should not exceed 190 mg/dl. The most important lipid metabolism disorders, which increase the risk of occurrence of cardiovascular diseases are: hypercholesterolemia, atherogenous dyslipidemia and triglyceridaemia. The objective of the study was evaluation of the prevalence of lipid metabolism disorders (with the consideration of total cholesterol, LDL fraction, HDL fraction, and triglycerides) among the participants of the Programme for Early Prophylaxis of Cardiovascular Diseases performed in a medium-size town. The study covered 124 people, 75 females and 49 males, aged 35, 40, 45, 50 and 55. The research instrument applied was a questionnaire form consisting of 41 questions, grouped into 4 subject blocks, pertaining to diet, physical activity, tobacco smoking, and stress. In addition, arterial blood measurement was performed twice, as well as body weight and height, waist and hip circumference, lipidogram and glucose level on an empty stomach. Chi2 test of independence was applied, and calculations performed on the level of significance of p ≤ 0,05. In order to investigate the strength of the relationship, Yule’s Q and Perason’s coefficient were applied. Among the study participants, normal values of the total cholesterol were observed in 20.2%. The level of cholesterol exceeding 200 mg/dl was noted in 99 of those examined, and in 61 – the level of total cholesterol was within the range 200-250 mg/dl. The level of 250-300 mg/dl was noted in 20 participants, while values exceeding 300 mg/dl – in 9. There is a need for placing more focus on health education in order to disseminate knowledge concerning lipid metabolism disorders and their prophylaxis.