PL EN
PRACA PRZEGLĄDOWA
Rola suplementacji w insulinooporności
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Więcej
Ukryj
1
Katedra Biotechnologii, Mikrobiologii i Żywienia Człowieka, Wydział Nauk o Żywności i Biotechnologii, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie, Polska
 
 
Autor do korespondencji
Paweł Glibowski   

Katedra Biotechnologii, Mikrobiologii i Żywienia Człowieka Wydział Nauk o Żywności i Biotechnologii Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie, Skromna 8, 21-704, Lublin, Polska
 
 
Med Og Nauk Zdr. 2023;29(3):153-165
 
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
DZIEDZINY
STRESZCZENIE
Wprowadzenie i cel:
Celem przeglądu było przedstawienie wpływu suplementów diety na poprawę wskaźników laboratoryjnych w insulinooporności. Opisano mechanizm działania takich związków jak antocyjany, kurkumina, berberyna, witamina B12.

Metody przeglądu:
Przeprowadzono przegląd literatury na temat suplementacji w insulinooporności, obejmujący prace pełnotekstowe indeksowane w bazie PubMed. Elektroniczne wyszukiwanie literatury przeprowadzono z ograniczeniem do konkretnych lat publikacji (2007–2022), przy użyciu terminów wyszukiwania w postaci następujących słów kluczowych: „insulinooporność”, „cukrzyca”, „berberyna”, „antocyjany”, „kwasy tłuszczowe”, „kurkumina”, „witamina B12”, „Policaptil Gel Retard”. Analizie poddano wszystkie wyszukane artykuły i włączono do przeglądu zarówno prace oryginalne, jak i badania randomizowane podwójnie zaślepione, kontrolowane placebo.

Opis stanu wiedzy:
Dostępne dane wykazują, że na IR (ang. insulin resistance – insulinooporność) wpływa wiele różnych czynników, takich jak czynniki genetyczne, wiek czy też otyłość. Najważniejszym aspektem jest natomiast styl życia. Leczenie insulinooporności polega zatem na zmianie diety oraz zwiększeniu aktywności fizycznej. Niektóre badania udowadniają, że połączenie takiego postępowania z trafnie dobranymi suplementami diety może okazać się bardzo korzystne. Zawarte w nich związki, takie jak antyoksydanty, wykazują działanie przeciwutleniające i przeciwzapalne. Wiele cennych badań potwierdza silne działanie hipolipidemiczne, hipoglikemiczne niektórych roślin oraz takie, których efektem jest uwrażliwienie komórek na insulinę.

Podsumowanie:
Obecnie istnieje coraz więcej dowodów potwierdzających skuteczność stosowania suplementów roślinnych w insulinooporności. W pracy opisano wpływ niektórych składników i roślin na poprawę metabolizmu glukozy i wrażliwości na insulinę.


Introduction and objective:
The aim of the review was to characterise the effects of dietary supplements on the improvement of laboratory indicators in insulin resistance. The mechanism of action of such compounds as e.g. anthocyanins, curcumin, berberine, vitamin B12 is described.

Review methods:
A literature review on supplementation in insulin resistance was conducted, including full-text articles indexed in the PubMed database. An electronic literature search was conducted, restricted to specific years of publication (2007–2022), using search terms in the form of the following key words: ‘insulin resistance’, ‘diabetes’, ‘berberine’, ‘anthocyanins’, ‘fatty acids’, ‘curcumin’, ‘vitamin B12’, and ‘Policaptil Gel Retard’. All retrieved articles were analysed and both original articles and randomised double-blind, placebo-controlled studies were included in the review.

Abbreviated description of the state of knowledge:
Available data show that IR (Insulin Resistance) is affected by many different factors, such as genetics, age, or obesity. However, the most important aspect is life style. Therefore, treatment consists of changing the diet and increasing physical activity. Some studies report that a combination of such a procedure with carefully selected dietary supplements may prove highly beneficial. The compounds they contain, such as antioxidants, have a free radical scavenging effect and exhibit anti-inflammatory properties. Many valuable studies confirm an impressive role of certain plants in their hypolipidemic, hypoglycaemic and insulin-sensitising actions.

Summary:
Currently, there is an inceasing evidence confirming the effectiveness of using plant supplements in insulin resistance. The article describes the mechanism of action of some ingredients and plants to improve glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity.

SKRÓTY
(PI3K)/Akt – szlak fosfatydyloinozytolu 3-kinazy GLUT4 – transporter glukozy AMPK – monofosforan adenozyny AMP – adenozyno-5’-monofosforan-adenosine monophosphate MAPK – mitogen-activated protein kinase – kinaza białkowa aktywowana mitogenem AMPK/ACC – 5’AMP-activated protein kinase/acetyl-CoA carboxylase PPAR-γ – receptory aktywowane przez proliferatory peroksysomów HOMA-IR – homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance – homeostatyczna ocena insulinooporności LDL – lipoproteina o niskiej gęstości PGC-1α – PPAR-γ koaktywator 1α – koaktywator 1 alfa receptora aktywowanego proliferatorami peroksysomów T2DM – cukrzyca typu 2 STZ – streptozotocyna IL-6 – interleukina 6 TNF-α – czynnik martwicy nowotworów-α MCP-1 – białko chemotaktyczne monocytów 1 NF-kB – czynnik jądrowego-κB MCP-1 – monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 IL-1β – interleukina 1 IL-6 – interleukina 6 COX2 – cyklooksygenaza 2 HbA1c – hemoglobina glikowana PCOS – zespół policystycznych jajników PI3K/Akt/mTOR – PI3K-phosphoinositide 3 kinase/Akt/mechanistic target of rapamycin-mTOR NF-kB – czynnik jądrowy kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells LDLR – receptor lipoprotein o niskiej gęstości SIRT1 – silent information regulator 1 – czynnik genetyczny prowadzący do spadku funkcji receptora androgenowego PGC-1α – peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha – koaktywator 1-alfa receptora aktywowanego przez proliferatory peroksysomów MS – zespół metaboliczny SM – sclerosis multiplex – stwardnienie rozsiane FPG – stężenie glukozy w osoczu na czczo TLR-4 – toll-like receptor-4 IL-8 – interleukina 8 5-LOX – lipooksygenaza BBR – berberyna PKC – protein kinase C – kinaza białkowa C InsR – insulin receptor – receptor insulinowy CRP – białko C-reaktywne iNOS – indukowalna syntazy tlenku azotu CCR2 – receptor chemokiny (motyw C-C) 2 MMP-9 – metaloproteaza macierzy 9 LPS – lipopolisacharyd TLR4/MyD88/NFκB – toll-like receptor 4/mieloidalny czynnik różnicowania 88/czynnik jądrowy-κB Nrf2 – czynnik jądrowy związany z erytroidami-2 GLUT4 – transporter glukozy typu 4 ERK – extracellular-signal regulated kinase JNK – kinaza c-Jun N-terminalna AP-1 – białko aktywatora 1 GDM – Gestational Diabetes Mellitus IR – insulin resistance – insulinooporność IKKβ – inhibitor kinazy kappa β PEPCK – karboksykinaza fosfoenolopirogronianowa G6Pase – glukozo-6-fosfataza LKB1 – kinaza wątrobowa B1 TORC2 – koaktywator transkrypcji 2 cAMP – 3’,5’-cyclic adenosine monophosphate – cykliczny adenozyno-3’,5’-monofosforan CREB – cAMP response element-binding protein Leukotriene B4 (LTB 4) receptor 1 (BLT1) BLT1 – leukotriene B4 receptor 1 HNF-4α – hepatic nuclear factor 4α – wątrobowy czynnik jądrowy 4 alfa IRS2 – substrat receptora insulinowego 2 GLP-1 – glucagon-like peptide-1 – glukagonopodobny peptyd-1 polisacharydami, pochodzących z traganka błoniastego (Astragalus membranaceus) – AP SCFA – krótkołańcuchowe kwasy tłuszczowe BCAA – aminokwasy rozgałęzione AAA – aromatic amino acids – aminokwasy aromatyczne AUC – area under the curve – pole pod krzywą TG – triglicerydy TC – cholesterol całkowity LDL-C – low density lipoproteins SD – standard diet – dieta standardowa HFD – high fat – dieta wysokotłuszczowa TLR4/MyD88/NFκB – szlak sygnałowy Toll-like receptor 4/mieloidalny czynnik różnicowania 88/czynnik jądrowy-κB BMI – Body Mass Index – wskaźnik masy ciała hs-CRP – białko C-reaktywne o wysokiej czułości RBP4 – białko wiążące retinol typu 4 SREBP-1 – sterol regulatory element-binding protein – białko wiążące czynnik regulujący sterole typu 1 IGT – impaired glucose tolerance – upośledzona tolerancja glukozy IS – insulin sensitivity LC-PUFA n-3 – long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids MUFAs – mono-unsaturated fatty acids – jednonienasycone kwasy tłuszczowe PUFAs – polyunsaturated fatty acids – wielonienasycone kwasy tłuszczowe VLDL-TG – lipoproteina o bardzo niskiej gęstości FAS – fatty acid synthase – syntaza kwasów tłuszczowych
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