Genetic modification of organisms and genetically modified food is a subject of much controversy. There is no in-depth research on attitudes toward GMOs and the conditioning of these attitudes. The opinions of final year adolescents attending schools of agricultural profile were investigated concerning genetic modification of organisms and genetically modified food. The objective of the study was to investigate the level of adolescents’ knowledge of GM, the recognition of their consumer behaviour, recognition of producer behaviours, and the respondents’ emotional attitude towards scientific achievements in the area of genetic modification of living organisms. The study was conducted in the form of a survey among 250 adolescents completing secondary schools of agricultural profile in the Lublin Region. The respondents’ knowledge concerning genetic modification of organisms and food produced on this basis was on a relatively low level. Genetic modification is often identified with the technique of in vitro cloning, ordinary crossbreeding or natural selection. As food consumers, the respondents are more keen to buy and consume products containing GMOs in their composition if they are richer in minerals, vitamins, and are more durable. To a lesser extent, their preferences as consumers are driven by organoleptic properties, and price. Young farmers – as future agricultural producers – rather do not want to grow GM crops, nor breed genetically modified animals. They also disapprove the feeding of animals with fodders derived from GM organisms. In adolescents attending agricultural schools the production of genetically modified food means primarily profit for the biotechnological companies, and not the elimination of hunger worldwide, or elimination of many diseases plaguing humanity. Key words: GMO, modified food, adolescents, opinions