REVIEW PAPER
Possibilities of preventing the conversion of prediabetes to type 2 diabetes from the perspective of clinical dietetics. Life-style intervention strategies
1
Zakład Dietetyki Klinicznej, Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie, Polska
Corresponding author
Michał Skrzypek
Zakład Dietetyki Klinicznej, Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie, Polska, ul. Chodźki 1, room 161, 20-093 Lublin, Polska
Zakład Dietetyki Klinicznej, Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie, Polska, ul. Chodźki 1, room 161, 20-093 Lublin, Polska
Med Og Nauk Zdr. 2018;24(4):220-227
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Introduction and Objective:
Prediabetes is a clinically defined point on the continuum of the development of cardiometabolic risk leading to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as well as cardiovascular incidents. From the perspective of public health, it is vital that prediabetes is characterized by potential reversibility. The goal of the study is to show nutritional intervention strategies and strategies for physical activity that can be used to prevent the conversion of prediabetes to T2DM.
Brief description of the current state of knowledge:
In obese patients with prediabetes, a significant reduction of T2DM development risk is caused by a permanent reduction of body mass and introduction of at least moderate or intense exercise for a minimum of 150 minutes per week. A change in lifestyle is also recommended for prediabetic patients with normal body mass. The same principles of diet planning then apply as in the case of obese patients with prediabetes, except for inducing an energy deficit while retaining the principle of pursuing physical activity at the recommended level. The goal of nutritional management in prediabetes is not only to achieve and maintain a normal body mass, but also to maintain a normal glucose concentration in blood serum, an optimum concentration of lipids and lipoproteins, as well as optimum values of arterial blood pressure.
Recapitulation:
Treatment of a patient with prediabetes should justifiably involve a professionally trained clinical dietician. In obese patients with prediabetes this guarantees achieving the goals of obesity treatment that include not only body mass reduction, but also lowering the risk of T2DM development and cardiovascular complications.
Prediabetes is a clinically defined point on the continuum of the development of cardiometabolic risk leading to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as well as cardiovascular incidents. From the perspective of public health, it is vital that prediabetes is characterized by potential reversibility. The goal of the study is to show nutritional intervention strategies and strategies for physical activity that can be used to prevent the conversion of prediabetes to T2DM.
Brief description of the current state of knowledge:
In obese patients with prediabetes, a significant reduction of T2DM development risk is caused by a permanent reduction of body mass and introduction of at least moderate or intense exercise for a minimum of 150 minutes per week. A change in lifestyle is also recommended for prediabetic patients with normal body mass. The same principles of diet planning then apply as in the case of obese patients with prediabetes, except for inducing an energy deficit while retaining the principle of pursuing physical activity at the recommended level. The goal of nutritional management in prediabetes is not only to achieve and maintain a normal body mass, but also to maintain a normal glucose concentration in blood serum, an optimum concentration of lipids and lipoproteins, as well as optimum values of arterial blood pressure.
Recapitulation:
Treatment of a patient with prediabetes should justifiably involve a professionally trained clinical dietician. In obese patients with prediabetes this guarantees achieving the goals of obesity treatment that include not only body mass reduction, but also lowering the risk of T2DM development and cardiovascular complications.
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