PRACA PRZEGLĄDOWA
Medyczno-sądowe aspekty napojów energetycznych i szotów kofeinowych
Więcej
Ukryj
1
Zakład Medycyny Sądowej Uniwersytetu Medycznego im. Karola Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu, Polska
Autor do korespondencji
Maciej Kycler
Zakład Medycyny Sądowej Uniwersytetu Medycznego im. Karola Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu, Rokietnicka 10, 60-806, Poznań, Polska
Med Og Nauk Zdr. 2024;30(2):87-95
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
DZIEDZINY
STRESZCZENIE
Wprowadzenie i cel:
Liczba konsumentów napojów energetycznych i szotów kofeinowych na świecie jest bardzo
wysoka i różni się w zależności do grupy wiekowej. W wielu krajach podjęto działania legislacyjne mające na celu ograniczone osobom niepełnoletnim dostępu do tych produktów.
Głównym składnikiem napojów energetycznych i szotów kofeinowych jest kofeina, która ma odpowiadać za pobudzające właściwości tych produktów. W ich skład wchodzą również
inne substancje, takie jak guarana, tauryna, witaminy i cukry proste. Celem pracy była ocena wpływu tych napojów na organizm i przedstawienie ich aspektów medyczno-sądowych.
Metody przeglądu:
Przegląd piśmiennictwa został wykonany z wykorzystaniem internetowych baz danych PubMed, Medline
oraz Google Schoolar, posłużono się również informacjami z aktów prawnych i etykiet produktów dostępnych na rynku.
Opis stanu wiedzy:
Stosowanie produktów o wysokiej zawartości
kofeiny wpływa negatywnie na wiele układów w organizmie
człowieka. Najczęściej obserwuje się dolegliwości ze strony układu sercowo-naczyniowego. Na podstawie dostępnej literatury można przypuszczać, że najbardziej narażone na szkodliwe działanie tych substancji są dzieci. Kolejnym zagrożeniem związanym z napojami energetycznymi i szotami
kofeinowymi są ich interakcje z licznymi lekami i używkami. Istnieją przypadki przedawkowania napojów energetycznych, prób samobójczych oraz zgonów z tego powodu. W diagnostyce medyczno-sądowej ważne jest badanie toksykologiczne mierzące stężenie kofeiny we krwi oraz odpowiednia diagnostyka różnicowa.
Podsumowanie:
Konsumpcja napojów energetycznych i szotów kofeinowych może stanowić zagrożenie dla zdrowia.
Potrzebne są dalsze analizy szeroko pojętego wpływu napojów energetycznych na ludzki organizm ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem dzieci.
Introduction and objective:
The number of users of energy drinks and caffeine shots worldwide is very high and varies
depending on the age group. In many countries, legislative measures have been taken to restrict access to these products for minors. The main ingredient in energy boosters is caffeine which is responsible for the stimulating properties of these products. Other substances, such as guarana, taurine, vitamins, and simple sugars, are also included in their composition. The aim of the study is to investigate the impact of these products on the body, and their medical and forensic aspects.
Review methods:
A literature review was conducted using PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, and information from legal
documents and product labels available on the market.
Brief description of the state of knowledge:
The use of high-caffeine products is associated with a negative impact on various systems in the human body, with cardiovascular issues being the most commonly observed. Based on available literature, it can be speculated that children are most vulnerable to the harmful effects of these substances. Another concern related to energy drinks and caffeine shots is their interaction with many medications and other substances. There have been cases reported of overdosing on energy drinks, suicide attempts, and deaths, as a result. In medico-legal diagnostics, toxicological examinations regarding caffeine levels in the blood and appropriate differential diagnostics are crucial.
Summary:
The consumption of energy drinks and caffeine shots may pose a threat to health. Further analyses of the broad impact of these products on the human body, with special consideration for children, are needed.
Kycler M, Rzepczyk Sz, Markowska I, Świderski P. Medical and forensic aspects of energy drinks and caffeine shots. Med Og Nauk Zdr. 2024; 30(2): 87–95. doi: 10.26444/monz/188211
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