Introduction:
Religion is a very important element of human identity. It plays a big role in the shaping of behaviours and attitudes towards individuals infected with HIV and those ill with AIDS. The scope of problems concerning HIV/AIDS in individual religions and cultures is much varied.

Objective:
The object of the study was the presentation of to‑date attitudes of religions of Judeo‑Christian culture towards the scope of problems concerning infections with HIV/AIDS, with particular consideration of the attitude of Roman Catholic Church.

Brief description of the state of knowledge:
At present, in Christian religion there is a heated discussion concerning the scope of problems pertaining to HIV/AIDS. The Church is criticized by many circles for the lack of a rational approach, especially with respect to prophylaxis in African countries. Nevertheless, followers of Christianity neither reject nor discriminate those infected because the superior goal of this religion is the care of the ill. The followers of Judaism preach a similar attitude. The attitude of the followers of Islam towards the problems of HIV/AIDS is more negative than that of the followers of Christianity or Judaism.

Summing up:
Rational medical knowledge is frequently at odds with religious morality. Support for people living with HIV and AIDS is not always in accordance with ethical codes which are in effect in a given culture. In the initial period of epidemics, in all three religions there dominates a negative approach towards those infected. At present, the attitude towards these patients has much improved.