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PRACA ORYGINALNA
 
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
DZIEDZINY
STRESZCZENIE
Wprowadzenie i cel:
Zakłucia igłami oraz zranienia ostrymi narzędziami stanowią istotny problem, wpisując się w ryzyko zawodowe związane z pracą pielęgniarek, a ich liczba jest niedoszacowana na całym świecie. Celem badania była ocena częstości i struktury zranień ostrymi narzędziami, analiza zgłaszania ostrych zranień, ocena dostępności bezpiecznych narzędzi oraz próba weryfikacji, czy szkolenia wpływają na zgłaszanie incydentów ostrych zranień i używanie bezpiecznych ostrych narzędzi.

Materiał i metody:
Badanie przekrojowe przeprowadzone w 2021 roku wśród 200 pielęgniarek z województwa łódzkiego za pomocą kwestionariusza ankiety udostępnionego drogą internetową.

Wyniki:
Zmienne, takie jak miejsce pracy, rodzaj oddziału czy staż pracy, powiązano z częstością kontaktu z potencjalnie zakaźnym materiałem. 20,5% pielęgniarek nigdy nie doświadczyło zranienia ostrym narzędziem. Najczęstszą przyczyną ostrych zranień było nieprzewidywalne zachowanie pacjenta. Około 40% pielęgniarek nie zgłaszało incydentu zranienia ostrym narzędziem. Pielęgniarki, które odbyły szkolenie w zakresie zapobiegania infekcjom, oraz te, które w roku poprzedzającym badanie przeszły szkolenie poekspozycyjne, częściej zgłaszały ostre zranienia. Większość uczestniczek badania potwierdziła dostępność urządzeń zabezpieczających, ale niestety co czwarta pielęgniarka stwierdziła, że niechętnie używała bezpiecznych narzędzi. Częściej z bezpiecznych narzędzi korzystały pielęgniarki, które potwierdziły, że szkolenia w zakresie stosowania zabezpieczeń odbywały się w pracy. Większość pielęgniarek nie miała wpływu na rodzaj i jakość zakupionych narzędzi bezpiecznych.

Wnioski:
Należy położyć nacisk na zwiększenie sprawozdawczości ostrych zranień oraz na uwzględnianie opinii pielęgniarek na temat wyrobów zabezpieczających. Pomocne w tym mogą być systematyczne szkolenia pielęgniarek.


Introduction and objective:
Needlesticks and injuries caused by sharp instruments constitute a significant occupational risk problem in the work of nurses; their number, however, is underestimated worldwide. The aim of the study is to assess the frequency and structure of needlestick and sharps injuries (NSIs) analyse their reporting, assess availability of safety devices, and check whetherf training affects NSIs reporting and use of safety devices.

Material and methods:
In 2021, a cross-sectional study was conducted with an online questionnaire among 200 nurses from the Łódź Province in Poland. The data were statistically analysed using descriptive methods. Pearson’s chi-squared test and Fisher›s exact probability test to compare the distribution of qualitative variables. The workplace, type of department, seniority and workplace location were related to the frequency of contact with potentially infectious material (PIM).

Results:
The study shows that unpredictable behaviour of a patient was the most common cause of injury, about 40% of nurses did not report NSIs, and 20.5% of nurses had never experienced NSIs. Nurses who had received infection prevention training and those who had undergone postexposure training in the past year were more likely to report NSIs. Most of the participants confirmed availability of safety devices, but the problem was that one in four nurses stated that they did not willingly use safety devices. The nurses who confirmed that training in the use of safety devices took place at work were more likely to use them. Most of the nurses had no influence on the type and quality of purchased safety devices.

Conclusions:
Emphasis should be placed on increasing NSIs reporting and the hospital management taking into account nurses' views of safety devices, which can be assisted by systematic training.

 
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ISSN:2083-4543
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