PL EN
PRACA ORYGINALNA
 
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
DZIEDZINY
STRESZCZENIE
Wprowadzenie i cel pracy:
Poznanie nawyków żywieniowych konkretnej grupy dzieci i młodzieży jest ważne z punktu widzenia zdrowia publicznego, ze względu na możliwość zmodyfikowania występujących nieprawidłowości. Celem badań była ocena spożycia wybranych witamin w codziennej diecie dzieci i młodzieży zamieszkujących tereny wiejskie.

Materiał i metody:
Badania przeprowadzono przy użyciu kwestionariusza ankiety. Ankieta zawierała pytania dotyczące produktów spożywczych spożywanych każdego dnia, z uwzględnieniem: słodzonych napoi, przekąsek, słodyczy, produktów typu fast food. U każdego z uczniów wykonywano pomiary masy i wysokości ciała, a następnie obliczano wartość BMI. Analizą objęto 332 uczniów w wieku 7–9 lat, 376 uczniów w wieku 10–12 lat, 333 uczniów w wieku 13–15 lat oraz 139 uczniów w wieku 16–18 lat.

Wyniki:
W analizowanej grupie uczniów u 4,5% odnotowano niedobór masy ciała, u 11% nadwagę, a u 10% otyłość. We wszystkich grupach, bez względu na wiek, średniodobowe spożycie witamin rozpuszczalnych w wodzie (z wyjątkiem kwasu foliowego) pokrywało zalecane dzienne spożycie (RDA). Średniodobowe spożycie witaminy A u wszystkich uczniów przekroczyło zalecane dzienne spożycie (RDA). Nawet maksymalne dobowe spożycie witaminy D we wszystkich grupach wiekowych nie pokrywało wystarczającego spożycia.

Wnioski:
Niezgodna z wytycznymi racjonalnego odżywiania zawartość witamin w diecie nakazuje wdrożenie działań edukacyjnych dotyczących właściwego komponowania diety, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem jej różnorodności. Dzienna podaż witaminy D jest niewystarczająca, należy ją więc suplementować, w szczególności w okresie jesienno-zimowym.


Introduction and objective:
Research into the dietary habits of specific groups of children and adolescents is important from the public health perspective due to the possibilities for modifying any existing irregularities. The aim of the study was to assess the intake levels of vitamins in the daily diets of children and adolescents living in rural areas.

Material and methods:
The research used a study questionnaire containing questions on food products consumed every day from all 12 food groups, including: sweetened drinks, snacks, ready meals, sweets and fast food, as well as purchases made in the school shop, vitamin supplements and minerals consumption and dietary habits. Weight and height of each student were measured, BMI value calculated. The study participants comprised 332 pupils aged 7–9 years, 376 aged 10–12, 333 aged 13–15, and 139 aged 16–18.

Results:
In the study group, insufficient body weight was noted in 4.5% of pupils, excessive weight in 11%, and obesity in 10%. In all the groups of pupils, irrespective of age, the average daily intake of water soluble vitamins (with the exception of folic acid) met the Recommended Dietary Allowance. The average daily intake of vitamin A for all pupils exceeded the RDA. In vitamin D, even the maximum daily intake across all age groups did not meet the AI.

Conclusions:
The amount of vitamins in the diet was not in line with recommendations on correct dietary habits and, as such, requires the implementation of educational activities on the correct composition of the diet, in particular the variety of foodstuffs consumed. The daily supply of vitamin D was insufficient, and therefore must be supplemented, in particular during the autumn and winter seasons.

Waksmańska W, Bobiński R, Ilczak T. Analysis of vitamin intake among pupils aged 7–18 living in rural areas of the Podbeskidzie region. Med Og Nauk Zdr. 2023; 29(3): 205–213. doi: 10.26444/monz/168577
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