RESEARCH PAPER
Analiza wielokierunkowa czynników towarzyszących nadwadze i otyłości u dzieci i młodzieży – badanie przekrojowe
1
Department of Nutrition in Digestive Tract Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
2
Regional Centre for Rare Diseases, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Łódź, Poland
3
Department of Paediatrics and Allergy, Copernicus Memorial Hospital, Łódź, Poland
4
Department of Paediatrics, Immunology, Nephrology, Polska
5
Department of Hygiene and Health Promotion, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
Corresponding author
Aneta Gwozdowska
Department of Nutrition in Digestive Tract Diseases, Rzgowska 281/289, 93-338 Łódż, Poland
Department of Nutrition in Digestive Tract Diseases, Rzgowska 281/289, 93-338 Łódż, Poland
Med Og Nauk Zdr. 2023;29(1):39-45
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
Zdrowie publiczneŻywność i żywienieProfilaktyka chorób cywilizacyjnychPromocja zdrowia i edukacja zdrowotna
ABSTRACT
Introduction and objective:
Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents has been one of the major health and social challenges worldwide for several decades. Obesity is a multifactorial disease in which the risk factors may appear with various severity and combinations. The aim of the study was to identify associated factors for childhood obesity and conduct a multivariate analysis.
Material and methods:
The study included a group of 268 schoolchildren and adolescents. The children were assigned to one of two groups: study group – children with overweight and obese, and control group – children with normal weight. Data were collected using questionnaires related to prenatal, biological, environmental, behavioural, and nutritional risk factors for obesity.
Results:
Of the examined factors, six proved to be significantly associated with the risk of developing childhood overweight or obesity: gender (<0.05), maternal pre-pregnancy BMI (p < 0.001), maternal BMI (<0.001), lower socio-economic status (SES) (p <0.05), waking time at weekends (p <0.05), and snacking between meals (p <0.05). The results of the multivariate analysis indicate that the chance of a child being overweight or obese was over 6.5 twice as likely if the mother was overweight or obese (OR = 6.564; p <0.001). Male children were approximately twice more likely to become obese or overweight than female children (OR = 2.199; < 0.05). The risk of excess weight was 2.5 times higher in children who ate between meals than in the rest of the group (OR = 2.514; p < 0.05).
Conclusions:
Factors related to the mother, and not both parents, have a stronger impact on the development of overweight and obesity in children. Women`s excess body weight at pre-pregnancy is the most significant factor influencing the child`s future high body weight.
Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents has been one of the major health and social challenges worldwide for several decades. Obesity is a multifactorial disease in which the risk factors may appear with various severity and combinations. The aim of the study was to identify associated factors for childhood obesity and conduct a multivariate analysis.
Material and methods:
The study included a group of 268 schoolchildren and adolescents. The children were assigned to one of two groups: study group – children with overweight and obese, and control group – children with normal weight. Data were collected using questionnaires related to prenatal, biological, environmental, behavioural, and nutritional risk factors for obesity.
Results:
Of the examined factors, six proved to be significantly associated with the risk of developing childhood overweight or obesity: gender (<0.05), maternal pre-pregnancy BMI (p < 0.001), maternal BMI (<0.001), lower socio-economic status (SES) (p <0.05), waking time at weekends (p <0.05), and snacking between meals (p <0.05). The results of the multivariate analysis indicate that the chance of a child being overweight or obese was over 6.5 twice as likely if the mother was overweight or obese (OR = 6.564; p <0.001). Male children were approximately twice more likely to become obese or overweight than female children (OR = 2.199; < 0.05). The risk of excess weight was 2.5 times higher in children who ate between meals than in the rest of the group (OR = 2.514; p < 0.05).
Conclusions:
Factors related to the mother, and not both parents, have a stronger impact on the development of overweight and obesity in children. Women`s excess body weight at pre-pregnancy is the most significant factor influencing the child`s future high body weight.
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