Introduction: The level of modernization of road transport caused an increase in accident rates on Polish roads. Quick assistance provided for the victims is an obligation for any person who is the victim of an accident (Criminal Law, Clause 162 § 1: Assistance Obligation,), and professional medical emergency services created for this purpose. Considering the present situation, it is justifiable to pose a question concerning the knowledge of the principles and practical skills in providing first aid among drivers in the Lublin Region. Objective: Analysis of the formal knowledge concerning the scope of principles for providing first aid, and subsequently, in the situation of necessity (road accident), determining if the respondents would be able to provide such assistance. Materials and methods: The study was conducted using a self-designed questionnaire form consisting of 18 items, and covered a group of 228 randomly selected drivers from the Lublin Region. Results: As many as 52% of respondents evaluated their state of knowledge concerning first aid as mediocre. Nearly 20% of respondents have never participated in first aid courses. Only a half of them would be capable of providing such assistance to victims in an emergency situation. More than 70% of respondents have never been in a situation which would require the provision of first aid. Conclusions: The level of knowledge concerning the principles of first aid provision is insufficient. Less than a half of respondents declared that they would be able to provide aid to a victim in need. Only a half of respondents had participated in first aid courses, 25% of them only in theoretical form. Constant education and practical training would allow Polish drivers to feel fully prepared for accidents and other road events, when there is a need to provide first aid. Key words: first aid, road accidents, legal regulations, medical emergency services